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The Global Challenge of Militias and Paramilitary Violence

The Global Challenge of Militias and Paramilitary Violence PDF Author: Paul Rexton Kan
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030130169
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 138

Book Description
This book describes militias as significant and prevalent actors in today’s international security environment. To separate them from other types of violent non-state groups, such as terrorists, guerrillas and insurgents, the author describes militias as local guardians that use violence to fill a variety of political, social and security gaps, which have created vulnerabilities for their particular constituencies. Although militias are local in orientation, their effects are not contained to particular countries and have only added to the instability in the international system. This book explores how militias contribute to international security issues by furthering state fragility, undermining human rights and democratization, enabling illicit trafficking, prolonging internal conflicts and fostering proxy wars.

The Global Challenge of Militias and Paramilitary Violence

The Global Challenge of Militias and Paramilitary Violence PDF Author: Paul Rexton Kan
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030130169
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 138

Book Description
This book describes militias as significant and prevalent actors in today’s international security environment. To separate them from other types of violent non-state groups, such as terrorists, guerrillas and insurgents, the author describes militias as local guardians that use violence to fill a variety of political, social and security gaps, which have created vulnerabilities for their particular constituencies. Although militias are local in orientation, their effects are not contained to particular countries and have only added to the instability in the international system. This book explores how militias contribute to international security issues by furthering state fragility, undermining human rights and democratization, enabling illicit trafficking, prolonging internal conflicts and fostering proxy wars.

Militarization and the Global Rise of Paramilitary Culture

Militarization and the Global Rise of Paramilitary Culture PDF Author: Brad West
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 981165588X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 192

Book Description
This edited book demonstrates a new multidimensional comprehension of the relationship between war, the military and civil society by exploring the global rise of paramilitary culture. Moving beyond binary understandings that inform the militarization of culture thesis and examining various national and cultural contexts, the collection outlines ways in which a process of paramilitarization is shaping the world through the promotion of new warrior archetypes. It is argued that while the paramilitary hero is associated with military themes, their character is in tension with the central principals of modern military organization, something that often challenges the state’s perceived monopoly on violence. As such paramilitization has profound implications for institutional military identity, the influence of paramilitary organizations and broadly how organised violence is popularly understood

Paramilitarism

Paramilitarism PDF Author: Uğur Ümit Üngör
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0198825242
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 223

Book Description
From the deserts of Sudan to the jungles of Colombia, from the streets of Belfast to the mountains of Kurdistan, paramilitaries have appeared in violent conflicts. Ungor presents a comparative and global overview of paramilitarism, showing how states use it to successfully outsource mass political violence against civilians.

Heterarchy in World Politics

Heterarchy in World Politics PDF Author: Philip G. Cerny
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000827135
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 220

Book Description
Heterarchy in World Politics challenges the fundamental framing of international relations and world politics. IR theory has always been dominated by the presumption that world politics is, at its core, a system of states. However, this has always been problematic, challengeable, time-bound, and increasingly anachronistic. In the 21st century, world politics is becoming increasingly multi-nodal and characterized by "heterarchy" – the coexistence and conflict between differently structured micro- and meso quasi-hierarchies that compete and overlap not only across borders but also across economic-financial sectors and social groupings. Thinking about international order in terms of heterarchy is a paradigm shift away from the mainstream "competing paradigms" of realism, liberalism, and constructivism. This book explores how, since the mid-20th century, the dialectic of globalization and fragmentation has caught states and the interstate system in the complex evolutionary process toward heterarchy. These heterarchical institutions and processes are characterized by increasing autonomy and special interest capture. The process of heterarchy empowers strategically situated agents — especially agents with substantial autonomous resources, and in particular economic resources — in multi-nodal competing institutions with overlapping jurisdictions. The result is the decreasing capacity of macro-states to control both domestic and transnational political/economic processes. In this book, the authors demonstrate that this is not a simple breakdown of states and the states system; it is in fact the early stages of a structural evolution of world politics. This book will interest students, scholars and researchers of international relations theory. It will also have significant appeal in the fields of world politics, security studies, war studies, peace studies, global governance studies, political science, political economy, political power studies, and the social sciences more generally.

Disaster Nationalism

Disaster Nationalism PDF Author: Richard Seymour
Publisher: Verso Books
ISBN: 1804294276
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 360

Book Description
The rise of the new far right has left the world grappling with a profound misunderstanding. While the spotlight often shines on the actions of charismatic leaders such as Donald Trump and Jair Bolsonaro, the true peril lies elsewhere. Defeating these people will not stem the tide driving them forward. They are merely the embodiment of profound forces that are rarely understood. Propelled through the vast networks of social media and fueled by far-right influencers, enthralled by images of disaster and fantasies of doom, they have emerged from a reservoir of societal despair, fear, and isolation. Within this seething cauldron, we witness not only the surge of far-right political movements but also the sparks of individual and collective violence against perceived enemies, from 'lone wolf' killers to terrifying pogroms. Should a new fascism emerge, it will coalesce from these very elements. This is disaster nationalism. Richard Seymour delves deep into this alarming development in world politics, dissecting its roots, its influencers, and the threats it poses. With meticulous analysis and compelling storytelling, Seymour offers a stark warning. The battle against disaster nationalism is not just political; it is a struggle for our collective soul and the future of civilization itself. Unless we understand the deeper forces propelling the far-right resurgence, we have little chance of stopping it.

Postinternationalism and the Rise of Heterarchy

Postinternationalism and the Rise of Heterarchy PDF Author: Ramjit, Dana-Marie
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 322

Book Description
The traditional concept of the nation-state as the key player in global affairs is being challenged by the forces of globalization, technological progress, and new forms of governance. These shifts are introducing complexities and uncertainties into international relations, which are leaving scholars, policymakers, and students struggling to keep up with the evolving landscape. The concepts of 'postinternationalism' and 'heterarchy' present promising but largely unexplored frameworks for understanding these dynamics, making a comprehensive resource to navigate this transformation an urgent necessity. Postinternationalism and the Rise of Heterarchy addresses the need to examine postinternationalism and heterarchy as alternative frameworks thoroughly. It compiles chapters that explore theoretical perspectives, empirical case studies, and practical implications across disciplines like political science, international relations, sociology, economics, and law. The book provides a nuanced understanding of the reconfiguration of power and governance in the modern world by investigating the impact of non-state actors, technology, global economic trends, and transnational social movements.

Armed Militias of South Asia

Armed Militias of South Asia PDF Author: Laurent Gayer
Publisher: C Hurst
ISBN: 9781850659778
Category : Ethnic conflict
Languages : en
Pages : 0

Book Description
Doin' Dirty

Death Squads or Self-Defense Forces?

Death Squads or Self-Defense Forces? PDF Author: Julie Mazzei
Publisher: Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN: 0807898619
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 272

Book Description
In an era when the global community is confronted with challenges posed by violent nonstate organizations--from FARC in Colombia to the Taliban in Afghanistan--our understanding of the nature and emergence of these groups takes on heightened importance. Julie Mazzei's timely study offers a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics that facilitate the organization and mobilization of one of the most virulent types of these organizations, paramilitary groups (PMGs). Mazzei reconstructs in rich historical context the organization of PMGs in Colombia, El Salvador, and Mexico, identifying the variables that together create a triad of factors enabling paramilitary emergence: ambivalent state officials, powerful military personnel, and privileged members of the economic elite. Nations embroiled in domestic conflicts often find themselves stuck between a rock and a hard place when global demands for human rights contradict internal expectations and demands for political stability. Mazzei elucidates the importance of such circumstances in the emergence of PMGs, exploring the roles played by interests and policies at both the domestic and international levels. By offering an explanatory model of paramilitary emergence, Mazzei provides a framework to facilitate more effective policy making aimed at mitigating and undermining the political potency of these dangerous forces.

Cartels at War

Cartels at War PDF Author: Paul Rexton Kan
Publisher: Potomac Books, Inc.
ISBN: 1597978051
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 295

Book Description
Now in its sixth year, the conflict in Mexico is a mosaic of several wars occurring at once: cartels battle one another, cartels suffer violence within their own organizations, cartels fight against the Mexican state, cartels and gangs wage war against the Mexican people, and gangs combat gangs. The war has killed more than 60,000 people since President Felipe Calderón began cracking down on the cartels in December 2006. The targets of the violence have been wide ranging--from police officers to journalists, from clinics to discos. Governments on either side of the U.S.- Mexican border have been unable to control the violence. The war has spilled over into American cities and affects domestic policy issues ranging from immigration to gun control, making the border the nexus of national security and public safety concerns. Drawing on fieldwork along the border and interviews with officials at the Drug Enforcement Administration, the Office of National Drug Control Policy, the Department of Defense, U.S. Border Patrol, and Mexican military officers, Paul Rexton Kan argues that policy responses must be carefully calibrated to prevent stoking more cartel violence, to cut the incentives to smuggle drugs into the United States, and to stop the erosion of Mexican governmental capacity.

Drugs and Contemporary Warfare

Drugs and Contemporary Warfare PDF Author: Paul Rexton Kan
Publisher: Potomac Books, Inc.
ISBN: 1597976512
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 329

Book Description
The relationship between drugs and today's wars has grown more noticeable since the end of the Cold War and will likely gather strength in this era of increased globalization. Many violent groups and governments have recently turned to illicit narcotics in their entrepreneurial quests to stay viable in the post-Cold War world. It is no coincidence that many of the most violent and ongoing conflicts, from the Balkans to the Hindu Kush, from the Andes to the Golden Triangle, occur in areas of widespread drug production and well-traveled distribution routes. Interdisciplinary in its approach, Drugs and Contemporary Warfare investigates the convergence of drugs and modern warfare, the violent actors involved in the drug trade, the drugs they produce and distribute, and how these drugs enter into battlefield conflicts and give rise to combat narcosis. Paul Rexton Kan then examines counternarcotics operations and suggests solutions to curb the drug trade's effects on contemporary conflict. He offers several broad strategies that refine assessments, policies, and operations to promote improvement in social, economic, and political conditions. The hope is that these strategies will help citizens create sustainable societies and robust governments in war-afflicted countries struggling under the drug trade's shadow. In a world searching for peace, the answer may not solely be on the battlefield but also on the front line against illegal narcotics. With a foreword by Moisés Naím, editor in chief of Foreign Policy magazine and the author of Illicit: How Smugglers, Traffickers, and Copycats Are Hijacking the Global Economy.