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Author: Marcello Mogetta Publisher: ISBN: 9781108964852 Category : Architecture and society Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
"Concrete construction represents Rome's major contribution to the history of ancient architecture and engineering. Scholars have touted the modern character of this man-made material, which gave planners the ability to cast structures wherever they were needed, emphasizing the inextricable link between building medium and building forms. Observation of the durability and longevity of concrete features, and particularly their survival in hostile environments such as seawater, has stimulated the scientific study of the material in order to identify the constituent elements and to describe the mechanical, chemical and physical characteristics for possible reproduction. As a result, the systematic testing of ancient samples has greatly improved our understanding of how Roman builders of the Late Republican and Imperial periods exploited raw materials. Moreover, the approach has shifted to concentrate on the step-by-step examination of the construction process, and standardized procedures have been developed to quantify the costs of construction, thus allowing for a contextualization of the building industry within the broader Roman economy"--
Author: Marcello Mogetta Publisher: ISBN: 9781108964852 Category : Architecture and society Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
"Concrete construction represents Rome's major contribution to the history of ancient architecture and engineering. Scholars have touted the modern character of this man-made material, which gave planners the ability to cast structures wherever they were needed, emphasizing the inextricable link between building medium and building forms. Observation of the durability and longevity of concrete features, and particularly their survival in hostile environments such as seawater, has stimulated the scientific study of the material in order to identify the constituent elements and to describe the mechanical, chemical and physical characteristics for possible reproduction. As a result, the systematic testing of ancient samples has greatly improved our understanding of how Roman builders of the Late Republican and Imperial periods exploited raw materials. Moreover, the approach has shifted to concentrate on the step-by-step examination of the construction process, and standardized procedures have been developed to quantify the costs of construction, thus allowing for a contextualization of the building industry within the broader Roman economy"--
Author: C.J. Brandon Publisher: Oxbow Books ISBN: 1782974237 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 368
Book Description
One marker of the majesty of ancient Rome is its surviving architectural legacy, the stunning remains of which are scattered throughout the circum-Mediterranean landscape. Surprisingly, one truly remarkable aspect of this heritage remains relatively unknown. There exists beneath the waters of the Mediterranean the physical remnants of a vast maritime infrastructure that sustained and connected the western worldÕs first global empire and economy. The key to this incredible accomplishment and to the survival of structures in the hostile environment of the sea for two thousand years was maritime concrete, a building material invented and then employed by Roman builders on a grand scale to construct harbor installations anywhere they were needed, rather than only in locations with advantageous geography or topography. This book explains how the Romans built so successfully in the sea with their new invention. The story is a stimulating mix of archaeological, geological, historical and chemical research, with relevance to both ancient and modern technology. It also breaks new ground in bridging the gap between science and the humanities by integrating analytical materials science, history, and archaeology, along with underwater exploration. The book will be of interest to anyone interested in Roman architecture and engineering, and it will hold special interest for geologists and mineralogists studying the material characteristics of pyroclastic volcanic rocks and their alteration in seawater brines. The demonstrable durability and longevity of Roman maritime concrete structures may be of special interest to engineers working on cementing materials appropriate for the long-term storage of hazardous substances such as radioactive waste. A pioneering methodology was used to bore into maritime structures both on land and in the sea to collect concrete cores for testing in the research laboratories of the CTG Italcementi Group, a leading cement producer in Italy, the University of Berkeley, and elsewhere. The resulting mechanical, chemical and physical analysis of 36 concrete samples taken from 11 sites in Italy and the eastern Mediterranean have helped fill many gaps in our knowledge of how the Romans built in the sea. To gain even more knowledge of the ancient maritime technology, the directors of the Roman Maritime Concrete Study (ROMACONS) engaged in an ambitious and unique experimental archaeological project Ð the construction underwater of a reproduction of a Roman concrete pier or pila. The same raw materials and tools available to the ancient builders were employed to produce a reproduction concrete structure that appears to be remarkably similar to the ancient one studied during ROMACONÕs fieldwork between 2002-2009. This volume reveals a remarkable and unique archaeological project that highlights the synergy that now exists between the humanities and science in our continuing efforts to understand the past. It will quickly become a standard research tool for all interested in Roman building both in the sea and on land, and in the history and chemistry of marine concrete. The authors also hope that the data and observations it presents will stimulate further research by scholars and students into related topics, since we have so much more to learn in the years ahead.
Author: Lynne C. Lancaster Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9781139444347 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 466
Book Description
Concrete Vaulted Construction in Imperial Rome examines methods and techniques that enabled builders to construct some of the most imposing monuments of ancient Rome. Focusing on structurally innovative vaulting and the factors that influenced its advancement, Lynne Lancaster also explores a range of related practices, including lightweight pumice as aggregate, amphoras in vaults, vaulting ribs, metal tie bars, and various techniques of buttressing. She provides the geological background of the local building stones and applies mineralogical analysis to determine material provenance, which in turn suggests trading patterns and land use. Lancaster also examines construction techniques in relation to the social, economic, and political contexts of Rome, in an effort to draw connections between changes in the building industry and the events that shaped Roman society from the early empire to late antiquity. This book was awarded the James R. Wiseman Book Award from the Archaeological Institute of America in 2007.
Author: Fikret Yegül Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1108577067 Category : Art Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Since antiquity, Roman architecture and planning have inspired architects and designers. In this volume, Diane Favro and Fikret Yegül offer a comprehensive history and analysis of the Roman built environment, emphasizing design and planning aspects of buildings and streetscapes. They explore the dynamic evolution and dissemination of architectural ideas, showing how local influences and technologies were incorporated across the vast Roman territory. They also consider how Roman construction and engineering expertise, as well as logistical proficiency, contributed to the making of bold and exceptional spaces and forms. Based on decades of first-hand examinations of ancient sites throughout the Roman world, from Britain to Syria, the authors give close accounts of many sites no longer extant or accessible. Written in a lively and accessible manner, Roman Architecture and Urbanism affirms the enduring attractions of Roman buildings and environments and their relevance to a global view of architecture. It will appeal to readers interested in the classical world and the history of architecture and urban design, as well as wide range of academic fields. With 835 illustrations including numerous new plans and drawings as well as digital renderings.
Author: Carmelo G. Malacrino Publisher: Getty Publications ISBN: 1606060163 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 220
Book Description
A survey of building techniques & architecture from the 3rd century B.C. through the fifth century A.D., this volume explores how the Greeks of the classical period & later the Romans created a complex & innovative built environment.
Author: Christopher Siwicki Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: 0198848579 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 320
Book Description
This volume addresses the treatment and perception of historic buildings in Imperial Rome, examining the ways in which public monuments were restored in order to develop an understanding of the Roman concept of built heritage. It considers examples from the first century BC to the second century AD, focusing primarily on the six decades between the Great Fire of AD 64 and the AD 120s, which constituted a period of dramatic urban transformation and architectural innovation in Rome. Through a detailed analysis of the ways in which the design, materiality, and appearance of buildings - including the temple of Jupiter Capitolinus and hut of Romulus - developed with successive restorations, the case is made for the existence of a consistent approach to the treatment of historic buildings in this period. This study also explores how changes to particular monuments and to the urban fabric as a whole were received by the people who experienced them first-hand, uncovering attitudes to built heritage in Roman society more widely. By examining descriptions of destruction and restoration in literature of the first and second centuries AD, including the works of Seneca the Younger, Pliny the Elder, Martial, Tacitus, and Plutarch, it forms a picture of the conflicting ways in which Rome's inhabitants responded to the redevelopment of their city. The results provide an alternative way of explaining key interventions in Rome's built environment and challenge the idea that heritage is a purely modern phenomenon.
Author: Jean-Pierre Adam Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1134618697 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 997
Book Description
With over 750 illustrations, Roman Buildings is a thorough and systematic examination of Roman architecture and building practice, looking at large-scale public buildings as well as more modest homes and shops. Placing emphasis on the technical aspects of the subject, the author follows the process of building through each stage -- from quarry to standing wall, from tree to roof timbers -- and describes how these materials were obtained or manufactured. The author also discusses interior decoration and looks at the practical aspects of water supply, heating and roads.
Author: Frank Sear Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1134635788 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 289
Book Description
In this comprehensive, accessible and beautifully illustrated book, Frank Sear traces the evolution of Roman architecture during the four centuries from the late Republic to AD 330, when Constantine moved the empire's capital to Constantinople. With over 200 diagrams, maps and photos, this lucid and eminently readable account is a detailed overview of the development of architecture from Augustine to Constantine. Covering building techniques and materials as well as architecture and patronage, features include: * deployment of the most recent archaeological evidence * consideration of building materials and methods used by Roman engineers and architects * examination of stylistic innovations * analysis of the historical and cultural contexts of Roman architecture * detailed exploration of key Roman sites including Ostia and Pompeii. In high demand since its initial publication, this book will not disappoint in its purpose to educate and delight those in the field of Roman architecture.
Author: Marcello Mogetta
Author: Marcello Mogetta
Author: Marcello Mogetta
Author: Marcello Mogetta
Author: C.J. Brandon
Author: Lynne C. Lancaster
Author: Fikret Yegül
Author: Carmelo G. Malacrino
Author: Christopher Siwicki
Author: Jean-Pierre Adam
Author: Frank Sear