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Author: Fidelis Etah Ewane Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 364078376X Category : Middle East Languages : en Pages : 25
Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict Studies, Security, grade: "-", University of Freiburg, language: English, abstract: The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is one of the greatest conflicts of our time, especially as no peace effort has proven to be really effective. From the creation of the state of Israel in 1948, the history of the Palestinians and the Israelis is defined by perpetual conflict with one another. Israelis and Palestinians are entangled with each other and alienated from one another in almost every imaginable way. From 1948 to 1973, Arabs and Israelis engaged in four great wars with heavy casualties on both sides. The United States of America has deployed enormous resources as peace broker in this conflict partly because of its special relationship to Israel and partly because of its economic and strategic interests in the Middle East. Successive American administrations have maintained the tradition of mediation, but the most genuine commitment was made by the Clinton administration, culminating in the signing of the Wye River Memorandum in 1998. This mediation effort notwithstanding, peace between the Israelis and Palestinians is still an imaginary luxury and violence remains the order of the day between the two peoples. The aim of this review paper is to analyze the lack of bold leadership on the part of the United States of America in brokering a lasting peace deal between Isrealis and Palestinians. This paper is divided into three parts and the first part retraces the history of the conflict from the creation of the state of Israel in 1948 to the Yom Kippur war of 1973. The second part examines the main issues of contention in the peace process, beginning with the United States' lack of neutrality, Israeli Security concerns, the refugee problem, the status quo of Jerusalem, the issue of the occupied territories and the Palestinian quest for self determination. The last part p
Author: Fidelis Etah Ewane Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 364078376X Category : Middle East Languages : en Pages : 25
Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict Studies, Security, grade: "-", University of Freiburg, language: English, abstract: The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is one of the greatest conflicts of our time, especially as no peace effort has proven to be really effective. From the creation of the state of Israel in 1948, the history of the Palestinians and the Israelis is defined by perpetual conflict with one another. Israelis and Palestinians are entangled with each other and alienated from one another in almost every imaginable way. From 1948 to 1973, Arabs and Israelis engaged in four great wars with heavy casualties on both sides. The United States of America has deployed enormous resources as peace broker in this conflict partly because of its special relationship to Israel and partly because of its economic and strategic interests in the Middle East. Successive American administrations have maintained the tradition of mediation, but the most genuine commitment was made by the Clinton administration, culminating in the signing of the Wye River Memorandum in 1998. This mediation effort notwithstanding, peace between the Israelis and Palestinians is still an imaginary luxury and violence remains the order of the day between the two peoples. The aim of this review paper is to analyze the lack of bold leadership on the part of the United States of America in brokering a lasting peace deal between Isrealis and Palestinians. This paper is divided into three parts and the first part retraces the history of the conflict from the creation of the state of Israel in 1948 to the Yom Kippur war of 1973. The second part examines the main issues of contention in the peace process, beginning with the United States' lack of neutrality, Israeli Security concerns, the refugee problem, the status quo of Jerusalem, the issue of the occupied territories and the Palestinian quest for self determination. The last part p
Author: Fidelis Etah Ewane Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3640783530 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 20
Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict Studies, Security, grade: "-", University of Freiburg, language: English, abstract: The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is one of the greatest conflicts of our time, especially as no peace effort has proven to be really effective. From the creation of the state of Israel in 1948, the history of the Palestinians and the Israelis is defined by perpetual conflict with one another. Israelis and Palestinians are entangled with each other and alienated from one another in almost every imaginable way. From 1948 to 1973, Arabs and Israelis engaged in four great wars with heavy casualties on both sides. The United States of America has deployed enormous resources as peace broker in this conflict partly because of its special relationship to Israel and partly because of its economic and strategic interests in the Middle East. Successive American administrations have maintained the tradition of mediation, but the most genuine commitment was made by the Clinton administration, culminating in the signing of the Wye River Memorandum in 1998. This mediation effort notwithstanding, peace between the Israelis and Palestinians is still an imaginary luxury and violence remains the order of the day between the two peoples. The aim of this review paper is to analyze the lack of bold leadership on the part of the United States of America in brokering a lasting peace deal between Isrealis and Palestinians. This paper is divided into three parts and the first part retraces the history of the conflict from the creation of the state of Israel in 1948 to the Yom Kippur war of 1973. The second part examines the main issues of contention in the peace process, beginning with the United States’ lack of neutrality, Israeli Security concerns, the refugee problem, the status quo of Jerusalem, the issue of the occupied territories and the Palestinian quest for self determination. The last part proposes policies to the US State Department that can lead to a meaningful and lasting peace in the Middle East. The paper recommends the US to adopt neutrality as mediator, proceed to the creation of a viable Palestinian state and press for the enforcement of previous agreements that will allow for the safe return of refugees, promote apology and reconciliation between Arabs and Jews and encourage shared responsibility over Jerusalem. Rational choice is used to analyse US policy choices, whereas the theory of Prisoner’s Dilemma Game is used to analyse Israeli-Palestinian choice of partner.
Author: Alasdair Drysdale Publisher: Council on Foreign Relations ISBN: 9780876091050 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 260
Book Description
In Syria and the Middle East Peace Process, Alasdair Drysdale and Raymond A. Hinnebusch, two noted Middle East scholars, present the first detailed examination of Syria's role in the long struggle for an Arab-Israeli peace. They paint a surprising portrait of a county whose power is out of proportion to its size, economy, and resources. They explore the reasons behind this phenomeno most importantly, the Machiavellian brilliance of its leader, Hafez al-Asad. The authors address the origins of the Asad regime, Syrias strategy toward its Arab neighbors, its conflict with Israel, and the history of its relationships with the Soviet Union and the United States. The authors argue forcefully that Syrian involvement is vital in an effort to resolve the Arab-Israeli conflict.
Author: Henry Siegman Publisher: Council on Foreign Relations ISBN: 9780876092040 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 60
Book Description
An independent Task Force sponsored by the Council on Foreign Relations calls for a change in U.S. policy and for a bold American initiative to help Israel and the Palestinians reach agreement on the broad contours of a final settlement that can satisfy the minimal aspirations of both parties.
Author: Martin Indyk Publisher: Knopf ISBN: 1101947543 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 689
Book Description
A perceptive and provocative history of Henry Kissinger's diplomatic negotiations in the Middle East that illuminates the unique challenges and barriers Kissinger and his successors have faced in their attempts to broker peace between Israel and its Arab neighbors. “A wealth of lessons for today, not only about the challenges in that region but also about the art of diplomacy . . . the drama, dazzling maneuvers, and grand strategic vision.”—Walter Isaacson, author of The Code Breaker More than twenty years have elapsed since the United States last brokered a peace agreement between the Israelis and Palestinians. In that time, three presidents have tried and failed. Martin Indyk—a former United States ambassador to Israel and special envoy for the Israeli-Palestinian negotiations in 2013—has experienced these political frustrations and disappointments firsthand. Now, in an attempt to understand the arc of American diplomatic influence in the Middle East, he returns to the origins of American-led peace efforts and to the man who created the Middle East peace process—Henry Kissinger. Based on newly available documents from American and Israeli archives, extensive interviews with Kissinger, and Indyk's own interactions with some of the main players, the author takes readers inside the negotiations. Here is a roster of larger-than-life characters—Anwar Sadat, Golda Meir, Moshe Dayan, Yitzhak Rabin, Hafez al-Assad, and Kissinger himself. Indyk's account is both that of a historian poring over the records of these events, as well as an inside player seeking to glean lessons for Middle East peacemaking. He makes clear that understanding Kissinger's design for Middle East peacemaking is key to comprehending how to—and how not to—make peace.
Author: Rashid Khalidi Publisher: Beacon Press ISBN: 0807044768 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 239
Book Description
Winner of the 2014 Lionel Trilling Book Award An examination of the failure of the United States as a broker in the Palestinian-Israeli peace process, through three key historical moments For more than seven decades the conflict between Israel and the Palestinian people has raged on with no end in sight, and for much of that time, the United States has been involved as a mediator in the conflict. In this book, acclaimed historian Rashid Khalidi zeroes in on the United States’s role as the purported impartial broker in this failed peace process. Khalidi closely analyzes three historical moments that illuminate how the United States’ involvement has, in fact, thwarted progress toward peace between Israel and Palestine. The first moment he investigates is the “Reagan Plan” of 1982, when Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin refused to accept the Reagan administration’s proposal to reframe the Camp David Accords more impartially. The second moment covers the period after the Madrid Peace Conference, from 1991 to 1993, during which negotiations between Israel and Palestine were brokered by the United States until the signing of the secretly negotiated Oslo accords. Finally, Khalidi takes on President Barack Obama’s retreat from plans to insist on halting the settlements in the West Bank. Through in-depth research into and keen analysis of these three moments, as well as his own firsthand experience as an advisor to the Palestinian delegation at the 1991 pre–Oslo negotiations in Washington, DC, Khalidi reveals how the United States and Israel have actively colluded to prevent a Palestinian state and resolve the situation in Israel’s favor. Brokers of Deceit bares the truth about why peace in the Middle East has been impossible to achieve: for decades, US policymakers have masqueraded as unbiased agents working to bring the two sides together, when, in fact, they have been the agents of continuing injustice, effectively preventing the difficult but essential steps needed to achieve peace in the region.
Author: Samer Bakkour Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1000595978 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 179
Book Description
Presenting the Middle East peace process as an extension of US foreign policy, this book argues that ongoing interventions justified in the name of ‘peace’ sustain and reproduce hegemonic power. With an interdisciplinary approach, this book questions the conceptualisation and general understanding of the peace process. The author reinterprets regional conflict as an opportunity for the US through which it seeks to achieve regional dominance and control. Engaging with the different stages and components of the peace process, he considers economic, military and political factors which both changed over time and remained constant. This book covers the US role of mediation in the region during the Cold War, the history and present state of US-Israel relations, Syria’s reputation as an opponent of ‘peace’ compared with its participation in peace negotiations, and the Palestinian-Israel conflict with attention to US involvement. The End of the Middle East Peace Process will primarily be of interest to those hoping to gain an improved understanding of key issues, concepts and themes relating to the Arab-Israeli conflict and US intervention in the Middle East. It will also be of value to those with an interest in the practicalities of peacebuilding.
Author: Martin S. Indyk Publisher: Brookings Institution Press ISBN: 0815724470 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 354
Book Description
By the time of Barack Obama's inauguration as the 44th president of the United States, he had already developed an ambitious foreign policy vision. By his own account, he sought to bend the arc of history toward greater justice, freedom, and peace; within a year he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, largely for that promise. In Bending History, Martin Indyk, Kenneth Lieberthal, and Michael O’Hanlon measure Obama not only against the record of his predecessors and the immediate challenges of the day, but also against his own soaring rhetoric and inspiring goals. Bending History assesses the considerable accomplishments as well as the failures and seeks to explain what has happened. Obama's best work has been on major and pressing foreign policy challenges—counterterrorism policy, including the daring raid that eliminated Osama bin Laden; the "reset" with Russia; managing the increasingly significant relationship with China; and handling the rogue states of Iran and North Korea. Policy on resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, however, has reflected serious flaws in both strategy and execution. Afghanistan policy has been plagued by inconsistent messaging and teamwork. On important "softer" security issues—from energy and climate policy to problems in Africa and Mexico—the record is mixed. As for his early aspiration to reshape the international order, according greater roles and responsibilities to rising powers, Obama's efforts have been well-conceived but of limited effectiveness. On issues of secondary importance, Obama has been disciplined in avoiding fruitless disputes (as with Chavez in Venezuela and Castro in Cuba) and insisting that others take the lead (as with Qaddafi in Libya). Notwithstanding several missteps, he has generally managed well the complex challenges of the Arab awakenings, striving to strike the right balance between U.S. values and interests. The authors see Obama's foreign policy to date as a triumph of discipline and realism over ideology. He has been neither the transformative beacon his devotees have wanted, nor the weak apologist for America that his critics allege. They conclude that his grand strategy for promoting American interests in a tumultuous world may only now be emerging, and may yet be curtailed by conflict with Iran. Most of all, they argue that he or his successor will have to embrace U.S. economic renewal as the core foreign policy and national security challenge of the future.
Author: William B. Quandt Publisher: Brookings Institution Press ISBN: 9780520225152 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 520
Book Description
One message of Peace Process is that the United States has had, and will continue to have, a crucial role in helping Israel and her Arab neighbors reach peace. If American presidents play their role with skill, they can make a lasting contribution. But just as likely, they may misread the realities of the Middle East and add to the impasse by their own errors.
Author: Fidelis Etah Ewane
Author: Fidelis Etah Ewane
Author: Fidelis Etah Ewane
Author: Richard Welch Murphy
Author: Alasdair Drysdale
Author: Henry Siegman
Author: Martin Indyk
Author: Rashid Khalidi
Author: Samer Bakkour
Author: Martin S. Indyk
Author: William B. Quandt