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Author: Norbert Peters Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540475435 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 364
Book Description
In general, combustion is a spatially three-dimensional, highly complex physi co-chemical process oftransient nature. Models are therefore needed that sim to such a degree that it becomes amenable plify a given combustion problem to theoretical or numerical analysis but that are not so restrictive as to distort the underlying physics or chemistry. In particular, in view of worldwide efforts to conserve energy and to control pollutant formation, models of combustion chemistry are needed that are sufficiently accurate to allow confident predic tions of flame structures. Reduced kinetic mechanisms, which are the topic of the present book, represent such combustion-chemistry models. Historically combustion chemistry was first described as a global one-step reaction in which fuel and oxidizer react to form a single product. Even when detailed mechanisms ofelementary reactions became available, empirical one step kinetic approximations were needed in order to make problems amenable to theoretical analysis. This situation began to change inthe early 1970s when computing facilities became more powerful and more widely available, thereby facilitating numerical analysis of relatively simple combustion problems, typi cally steady one-dimensional flames, with moderately detailed mechanisms of elementary reactions. However, even on the fastest and most powerful com puters available today, numerical simulations of, say, laminar, steady, three dimensional reacting flows with reasonably detailed and hence realistic ki netic mechanisms of elementary reactions are not possible.
Author: Norbert Peters Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540475435 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 364
Book Description
In general, combustion is a spatially three-dimensional, highly complex physi co-chemical process oftransient nature. Models are therefore needed that sim to such a degree that it becomes amenable plify a given combustion problem to theoretical or numerical analysis but that are not so restrictive as to distort the underlying physics or chemistry. In particular, in view of worldwide efforts to conserve energy and to control pollutant formation, models of combustion chemistry are needed that are sufficiently accurate to allow confident predic tions of flame structures. Reduced kinetic mechanisms, which are the topic of the present book, represent such combustion-chemistry models. Historically combustion chemistry was first described as a global one-step reaction in which fuel and oxidizer react to form a single product. Even when detailed mechanisms ofelementary reactions became available, empirical one step kinetic approximations were needed in order to make problems amenable to theoretical analysis. This situation began to change inthe early 1970s when computing facilities became more powerful and more widely available, thereby facilitating numerical analysis of relatively simple combustion problems, typi cally steady one-dimensional flames, with moderately detailed mechanisms of elementary reactions. However, even on the fastest and most powerful com puters available today, numerical simulations of, say, laminar, steady, three dimensional reacting flows with reasonably detailed and hence realistic ki netic mechanisms of elementary reactions are not possible.
Author: Mitchell D. Smooke Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9783662138533 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 248
Book Description
In this comprehensive text a systematic numerical and analytical treatment of the procedures for reducing complicated systems to a simplified reaction mechanism is presented. The results of applying the reduced reaction mechanism to a one-dimensional laminar flame are discussed. A set of premixed and non-premixed methane-air flames with simplified transport and skeletal chemistry are employed as test problems that are used later on to evaluate the results and assumptions in reduced reaction networks. The first four chapters form a short tutorial on the procedures used in formulating the test problems and in reducing reaction mechanisms by applying steady-state and partial-equilibrium approximations. The final six chapters discuss various aspects of the reduced chemistry problem for premixed and nonpremixed combustion.
Author: C. Arcoumanis Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 354068901X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 427
Book Description
Optimization of combustion processes in automotive engines is a key factor in reducing fuel consumption. This book, written by eminent university and industry researchers, investigates and describes flow and combustion processes in diesel and gasoline engines.
Author: Mitchell D. Smooke Publisher: Springer ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 264
Book Description
In this comprehensive text a systematic numerical and analytical treatment of the procedures for reducing complicated systems to a simplified reaction mechanism is presented. The results of applying the reduced reaction mechanism to a one-dimensional laminar flame are discussed. A set of premixed and non-premixed methane-air flames with simplified transport and skeletal chemistry are employed as test problems that are used later on to evaluate the results and assumptions in reduced reaction networks. The first four chapters form a short tutorial on the procedures used in formulating the test problems and in reducing reaction mechanisms by applying steady-state and partial-equilibrium approximations. The final six chapters discuss various aspects of the reduced chemistry problem for premixed and nonpremixed combustion.
Author: Vivek Patel Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 9535101323 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 358
Book Description
Chemical Kinetics relates to the rates of chemical reactions and factors such as concentration and temperature, which affects the rates of chemical reactions. Such studies are important in providing essential evidence as to the mechanisms of chemical processes. The book is designed to help the reader, particularly students and researchers of physical science, understand the chemical kinetics mechanics and chemical reactions. The selection of topics addressed and the examples, tables and graphs used to illustrate them are governed, to a large extent, by the fact that this book is aimed primarily at physical science (mainly chemistry) technologists. Undoubtedly, this book contains "must read" materials for students, engineers, and researchers working in the chemistry and chemical kinetics area. This book provides valuable insight into the mechanisms and chemical reactions. It is written in concise, self-explanatory and informative manner by a world class scientists in the field.
Author: A.L. De Bortoli Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128029919 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 212
Book Description
Modelling and Simulation of Reactive Flows presents information on modeling and how to numerically solve reactive flows. The book offers a distinctive approach that combines diffusion flames and geochemical flow problems, providing users with a comprehensive resource that bridges the gap for scientists, engineers, and the industry. Specifically, the book looks at the basic concepts related to reaction rates, chemical kinetics, and the development of reduced kinetic mechanisms. It considers the most common methods used in practical situations, along with equations for reactive flows, and various techniques—including flamelet, ILDM, and Redim—for jet flames and plumes, with solutions for both. In addition, the book includes techniques to accelerate the convergence of numerical simulation, and a discussion on the analysis of uncertainties with numerical results, making this a useful reference for anyone who is interested in both combustion in free flow and in porous media. Helps readers learn how to apply applications of numerical methods to simulate geochemical kinetics Presents methods on how to transform the transport equations in several coordinate systems Includes discussions of the basic concepts related to reaction rates, chemical kinetics, and the development of reduced kinetic mechanisms, including the most common methods used in practical situations Offers a distinctive approach that combines diffusion flames and geochemical flow problems
Author: Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0444640886 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 1034
Book Description
Mathematical Modelling of Gas-Phase Complex Reaction Systems: Pyrolysis and Combustion, Volume 45, gives an overview of the different steps involved in the development and application of detailed kinetic mechanisms, mainly relating to pyrolysis and combustion processes. The book is divided into two parts that cover the chemistry and kinetic models and then the numerical and statistical methods. It offers a comprehensive coverage of the theory and tools needed, along with the steps necessary for practical and industrial applications. Details thermochemical properties and "ab initio" calculations of elementary reaction rates Details kinetic mechanisms of pyrolysis and combustion processes Explains experimental data for improving reaction models and for kinetic mechanisms assessment Describes surrogate fuels and molecular reconstruction of hydrocarbon liquid mixtures Describes pollutant formation in combustion systems Solves and validates the kinetic mechanisms using numerical and statistical methods Outlines optimal design of industrial burners and optimization and dynamic control of pyrolysis furnaces Outlines large eddy simulation of turbulent reacting flows
Author: Tamás Turányi Publisher: Springer ISBN: 366244562X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 363
Book Description
Chemical processes in many fields of science and technology, including combustion, atmospheric chemistry, environmental modelling, process engineering, and systems biology, can be described by detailed reaction mechanisms consisting of numerous reaction steps. This book describes methods for the analysis of reaction mechanisms that are applicable in all these fields. Topics addressed include: how sensitivity and uncertainty analyses allow the calculation of the overall uncertainty of simulation results and the identification of the most important input parameters, the ways in which mechanisms can be reduced without losing important kinetic and dynamic detail, and the application of reduced models for more accurate engineering optimizations. This monograph is invaluable for researchers and engineers dealing with detailed reaction mechanisms, but is also useful for graduate students of related courses in chemistry, mechanical engineering, energy and environmental science and biology.
Author: Sylvie Honnet Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag ISBN: 3736923910 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 148
Book Description
The aim of this work is the application of the Representative Interactive Flamelet (RIF) model with detailed and reduced kinetics to describe the combustion processes with low-emission. Chemical kinetic reaction mechanisms are developed. Regarding the application of these mechanisms in the numerical simulation of combustion processes, the description of the formation of nitrous oxide is particularly taken into account. After the introduction in the topic, chapter 2 presents the conservation equations and the description of the turbulent flow and mixing field. The flamelet model and the RIF-concept are described: the chemical reaction kinetics is separately considered from the flow dynamics. This is possible due to the assumption of the existence of a very thin flame layer, in which the chemical processes take place. This flame layer, also considered as laminar in turbulent flows, is called flamelet. The calculation of the ignition, heat release and formation of nitrogen oxide with detailed kinetics is then possible. In chapter 3, a model for the calculation of three-dimensional combustion processes is presented. It is based on the flamelet model. To describe the formation of nitrous oxide, the consideration of the combustion as an unsteady process is very important. This is possible thanks to the use of unsteady flamelets. The flamelets are calculated interactive with the flow solver, each representative for a pathway of particle through the combustion chamber. The statistical way of fluid particle through the combustion chamber is described by the eulerian transport equations. In chapter 4, a chemical reaction mechanism is developed and validated with comparison with experimental results. Special attention is paid to the methane mechanism with consideration of nitrous oxide formation. This mechanism is reduced with steady-state assumptions. Furthermore, a pyrolysis and burnout model are presented, which are used for the simulation of the coal combustion in chapter 5. In chapter 5, simulation results for two different configurations are compared to experimental data. In the MILD combustion chamber, the formation of nitrous oxide is investigated with the use of the detailed and reduced kinetics presented in chapter 4. The Eulerian Particle Flamelet model is completed and used for the simulation of the gaseous phase during the coal combustion. Based on the results, it is shown that the flamelet model, coupled with the detailed and the reduced kinetics, is able to model low-emission combustion processes.
Author: Tarek Echekki Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400704127 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 490
Book Description
Turbulent combustion sits at the interface of two important nonlinear, multiscale phenomena: chemistry and turbulence. Its study is extremely timely in view of the need to develop new combustion technologies in order to address challenges associated with climate change, energy source uncertainty, and air pollution. Despite the fact that modeling of turbulent combustion is a subject that has been researched for a number of years, its complexity implies that key issues are still eluding, and a theoretical description that is accurate enough to make turbulent combustion models rigorous and quantitative for industrial use is still lacking. In this book, prominent experts review most of the available approaches in modeling turbulent combustion, with particular focus on the exploding increase in computational resources that has allowed the simulation of increasingly detailed phenomena. The relevant algorithms are presented, the theoretical methods are explained, and various application examples are given. The book is intended for a relatively broad audience, including seasoned researchers and graduate students in engineering, applied mathematics and computational science, engine designers and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) practitioners, scientists at funding agencies, and anyone wishing to understand the state-of-the-art and the future directions of this scientifically challenging and practically important field.
Author: Norbert Peters
Author: Norbert Peters
Author: Mitchell D. Smooke
Author: C. Arcoumanis
Author: Mitchell D. Smooke
Author: Vivek Patel
Author: A.L. De Bortoli
Author: 
Author: Tamás Turányi
Author: Sylvie Honnet
Author: Tarek Echekki