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Author: William C. Schieve Publisher: University of Texas Press ISBN: 0292741642 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 374
Book Description
The contributions to this volume attempt to apply different aspects of Ilya Prigogine's Nobel-prize-winning work on dissipative structures to nonchemical systems as a way of linking the natural and social sciences. They address both the mathematical methods for description of pattern and form as they evolve in biological systems and the mechanisms of the evolution of social systems, containing many variables responding to subjective, qualitative stimuli. The mathematical modeling of human systems, especially those far from thermodynamic equilibrium, must involve both chance and determinism, aspects both quantitative and qualitative. Such systems (and the physical states of matter which they resemble) are referred to as self-organized or dissipative structures in order to emphasize their dependence on the flows of matter and energy to and from their surroundings. Some such systems evolve along lines of inevitable change, but there occur instances of choice, or bifurcation, when chance is an important factor in the qualitative modification of structure. Such systems suggest that evolution is not a system moving toward equilibrium but instead is one which most aptly evokes the patterns of the living world. The volume is truly interdisciplinary and should appeal to researchers in both the physical and social sciences. Based on a workshop on dissipative structures held in 1978 at the University of Texas, contributors include Prigogine, A. G. Wilson, Andre de Palma, D. Kahn, J. L. Deneubourgh, J. W. Stucki, Richard N. Adams, and Erick Jantsch. The papers presented include Allen, "Self-Organization in the Urban System"; Robert Herman, "Remarks on Traffic Flow Theories and the Characterization of Traffic in Cities"; W. H. Zurek and Schieve, "Nucleation Paradigm: Survival Threshold in Population Dynamics"; De Palma et al., "Boolean Equations with Temporal Delays"; Nicholas Georgescu-Roegin, "Energy Analysis and Technology Assessment"; Magoroh Maruyama, "Four Different Causal Meta-types in Biological and Social Sciences"; and Jantsch, "From Self-Reference to Self-Transcendence: The Evolution of Self-Organization Dynamics."
Author: William C. Schieve Publisher: University of Texas Press ISBN: 0292741642 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 374
Book Description
The contributions to this volume attempt to apply different aspects of Ilya Prigogine's Nobel-prize-winning work on dissipative structures to nonchemical systems as a way of linking the natural and social sciences. They address both the mathematical methods for description of pattern and form as they evolve in biological systems and the mechanisms of the evolution of social systems, containing many variables responding to subjective, qualitative stimuli. The mathematical modeling of human systems, especially those far from thermodynamic equilibrium, must involve both chance and determinism, aspects both quantitative and qualitative. Such systems (and the physical states of matter which they resemble) are referred to as self-organized or dissipative structures in order to emphasize their dependence on the flows of matter and energy to and from their surroundings. Some such systems evolve along lines of inevitable change, but there occur instances of choice, or bifurcation, when chance is an important factor in the qualitative modification of structure. Such systems suggest that evolution is not a system moving toward equilibrium but instead is one which most aptly evokes the patterns of the living world. The volume is truly interdisciplinary and should appeal to researchers in both the physical and social sciences. Based on a workshop on dissipative structures held in 1978 at the University of Texas, contributors include Prigogine, A. G. Wilson, Andre de Palma, D. Kahn, J. L. Deneubourgh, J. W. Stucki, Richard N. Adams, and Erick Jantsch. The papers presented include Allen, "Self-Organization in the Urban System"; Robert Herman, "Remarks on Traffic Flow Theories and the Characterization of Traffic in Cities"; W. H. Zurek and Schieve, "Nucleation Paradigm: Survival Threshold in Population Dynamics"; De Palma et al., "Boolean Equations with Temporal Delays"; Nicholas Georgescu-Roegin, "Energy Analysis and Technology Assessment"; Magoroh Maruyama, "Four Different Causal Meta-types in Biological and Social Sciences"; and Jantsch, "From Self-Reference to Self-Transcendence: The Evolution of Self-Organization Dynamics."
Author: Gregoire Nicolis Publisher: Wiley-VCH ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 520
Book Description
Membranes, Dissipative Structures, and Evolution Edited by G. Nicolis & R. Lefever Focuses on the problem of the emergence/maintenance of biological order at successively higher levels of complexity. Covers the spatiotemporal organization of simple biochemical networks; the formation of pluricellular or macromolecular assemblies; the evolution of these structures; and the functions of specific biological structures. Volume 29 in Advances in Chemical Physics Series, I. Prigogine & Stuart A. Rice, Editors. 1975 Theory and Applications of Molecular Paramagnetism Edited by E. A. Boudreaux & L. N. Mulay Comprehensively treats the basic theory of paramagnetic phenomena from both the classical and mechanical vantages. It examines the magnetic behavior of Lanthanide and Actinide elements as well as traditional transition metals. For each class of compounds, appropriate details of descriptive and mathematical theory are given before their applications. 1976 Theory and Aapplications of Molecular Diamagnetism Edited by L. N. Mulay & E. A. Boudreaux An invaluable reference for solving chemical problems in magnetics, magnetochemistry, and related areas where magnetic data are important, such as solid-state physics and optical spectroscopy. 1976
Author: German Fox-Rabinovich Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420017861 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 459
Book Description
In our present era of nanoscience and nanotechnology, new materials are poised to take center stage in dramatically improving friction and wear behavior under extreme conditions. Compiled by two eminent experts, Self-Organization During Friction: Advanced Surface-Engineered Materials and Systems Design details the latest advances and developments i
Author: Werner Ebeling Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527636803 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 535
Book Description
This thoroughly updated version of the German authoritative work on self-organization has been completely rewritten by internationally renowned experts and experienced book authors to also include a review of more recent literature. It retains the original enthusiasm and fascination surrounding thermodynamic systems far from equilibrium, synergetics, and the origin of life, representing an easily readable book and tutorial on this exciting field. The book is unique in covering in detail the experimental and theoretical fundamentals of self-organizing systems as well as such selected features as random processes, structural networks and multistable systems, while focusing on the physical and theoretical modeling of natural selection and evolution processes. The authors take examples from physics, chemistry, biology and social systems, and include results hitherto unpublished in English. The result is a one-stop resource relevant for students and scientists in physics or related interdisciplinary fields, including mathematical physics, biophysics, information science and nanotechnology.
Author: Frank Schweitzer Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9789056990275 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 624
Book Description
During the past twenty years, a broad spectrum of theories and methods have been developed in physics, chemistry and molecular biology to explain structure formation in complex systems. These methods have been applied to many different fields such as economics, sociology and town planning, and this book reflects the interdisciplinary nature of complexity and self-organisation. The main focus is on the emergence of collective phenomena from individual or microscopic interactions. Presents a wide-ranging overview from fundamental aspects of the evolution of complexity, to applications in biology, ecology, sociology, economics, and urban structure formation.
Author: Alfonso Gumucio Dagron Publisher: CFSC Consortium, Inc. ISBN: 0977035794 Category : Communication in social action Languages : en Pages : 1409
Book Description
Contains nearly 200 readings published between 1927 and 2005, in English or translated from other languages, on the historical roots and pioneering thinking regarding communication for social change. Covers a variety of topics, including the radio, tv and other mass communication, information and communication technology, the digital gap, the formation of an information society, national information policies, participatory decision making, communication of development, pedagogy and entertainment education, HIV/AIDS communication for prevention, etc.
Author: WenJun Zhang Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9814699500 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 300
Book Description
This invaluable book is the first of its kind on "selforganizology", the science of self-organization. It covers a wide range of topics, such as the theory, principle and methodology of selforganizology, agent-based modelling, intelligence basis, ant colony optimization, fish/particle swarm optimization, cellular automata, spatial diffusion models, evolutionary algorithms, self-adaptation and control systems, self-organizing neural networks, catastrophe theory and methods, and self-organization of biological communities, etc. Readers will have an in-depth and comprehensive understanding of selforganizology, with detailed background information provided for those who wish to delve deeper into the subject and explore research literature. This book is a valuable reference for research scientists, university teachers, graduate students and high-level undergraduates in the areas of computational science, artificial intelligence, applied mathematics, engineering science, social science and life sciences. Contents:Organization and Organizational TheorySelforganizology: The Science of Self-organizationAgent-based ModelingIntelligence PrinciplesCatastrophe Theory and MethodsSelf-adaptation and Control SystemsCellular Automata and Spatial Diffusion ModelsArtificial Neural NetworksAnt Colony OptimizationFish and Particle Swarm OptimizationSynergy, Coevolution, and Evolutionary AlgorithmsSynergy: Correlation AnalysisCommunity Succession and AssemblyMathematical Foundations Readership: Research scientists, university teachers, graduate students and high-level undergraduates in the areas of computational science, artificial intelligence, applied mathematics, engineering science, social science and life sciences. Key Features:This book is the first monograph on "selforganizology" in the world, with no competing titlesThe author is a prominent scientist, who is the editor-in-chief of six international journals, including SelforganizologyKeywords:Selforganizology;Self-organization;Agent-based Modeling;Algorithms;Computational Intelligence;Ant Colony Optimization;Evolutionary Algorithms;Cellular Automata;Particle Swarm Optimization;Catastrophe Theory
Author: Anne Dambricourt Malassé Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3031047834 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 393
Book Description
The epistemological synthesis of the various theories of evolution, since the first formulation in 1802 with the transmission of the inherited characters by J.B. Lamarck, shows the need for an alternative synthesis to that of Princeton (1947). This new synthesis integrates the scientific models of self-organization developed during the second half of the 20th century based on the laws of physics, thermodynamics, and mathematics with the emergent evolutionary problematics such as self-organized memory. This book shows, how self-organization is integrated in modern evolutionary biology. It is divided in two parts: The first part pays attention to the modern observations in paleontology and biology, which include major theoreticians of the self-organization (d’Arcy Thompson, Henri Bergson, René Thom, Ilya Prigogine). The second part presents different emergent evolutionary models including the sciences of complexity, the non-linear dynamical systems, fractals, attractors, epigenesis, systemics, and mesology with different examples of the sciences of complexity and self-organization as observed in the human lineage, from both internal (embryogenesis-morphogenesis) and external (mesology) viewpoints.
Author: Ji-Tao Wang Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9783540428022 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 274
Book Description
Albert Einstein (1879-1955) said, "The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious. It is the source of all true art and science. " For the last 30 years or so, activated low pressure diamond synthesis has been regarded as "mysterious" or a "thermodynamic paradox" perhaps "violating the second law of thermodynamics". A new field of thermodynamics, nonequilibrium nondissipative thermodynamics - has recently arisen from the puzzle. For complex systems including nonspontaneous reaction(s), the basic clas sification of equilibrium thermodynamics and nonequilibrium thermodynam ics on the basis of the second law of thermodynamics has to be changed or overthrown. Maybe we should also cite another statement of Albert Ein stein: "A theory is more impressive the greater the simplicity of its premises is, the more different kinds of things it relates, and the more extended its area of applicability. Therefore the deep impression which classical thermo dynamics made upon me. It is the only physical theory of universal content concerning which I am convinced that, within the framework of the appli cability of its basic concepts, it will never be overthrown. " and it might be that classical thermodynamics would never be overthrown. However, thought Einstein said, "it will never be overthrown" only "within the framework of the application of its basic concepts". This means that outside "the frame work of the application of its basic concepts" some basic points of view from classical thermodynamics might be overthrown or changed.
Author: William C. Schieve
Author: William C. Schieve
Author: Gregoire Nicolis
Author: William C. Schieve
Author: German Fox-Rabinovich
Author: Werner Ebeling
Author: Frank Schweitzer
Author: Alfonso Gumucio Dagron
Author: WenJun Zhang
Author: Anne Dambricourt Malassé
Author: Ji-Tao Wang